2024人教版英语高一必修一教案(分享7篇)

2024人教版英语高一必修一教案 篇1

一、教材分析：

本课是结合人教版高中英语教材选修5中有关过去分词的语法内容，进行过去分词的学习，教学中将语法知识的传授和语言基本技能的学习结合到一起，注重复习语法与语言的运用。采用任务型教学法和小组合作探究学习法，从而扩大课堂的语言输入量及学生的语言输出量。

二、学情分析：

在高一英语学习基础上，学生已经掌握基本的语言结构和一定程度的听说读写能力。在复习的过程中，结合学生原有的知识掌握水平，巩固基础强化正确使用语法知识，提高学生运用语言的深度和难度.但大部分学生的基础知识仍然较为薄弱，运用英语进行交际活动的能力较差，主动学习的动力不够，然而他们学习比较认真，渴求知欲旺盛，思维比较活跃。部分学生的基础较好，能主动配合老师。只有设置使他们感兴趣的活动，因材施教，才能让他们投入到课堂活动中来。

三、教学目标:

1.知识目标:

引导学生掌握过去分词在真实的生活语境中的使用。培养学生通读，分析，理解，综合的能力，教会学生体察语境，结合上下文，符和逻辑推理和合理的想象，结合语法和题干中的语境解决问题。在运用语言过程中培养学生的观察力、分析力、想象力和自学能力，提高思维能力和运用英语的综合能力。

2.能力目标：

利用多媒体手段营造积极和谐教学氛围，使学生进入情景之中，充分调动学生的思维活动和情感体验，规范学生运用英语知识准确表达的能力，同时，发展学生综合语言运用的能力，分析问题和解决问题的能力，培养学生自主学习。

3.德育目标：

用含过去分词的句子结构表达思想感情。

四、教学重点:

1.过去分词的用法.

2.过去分词的运用

五、教学难点:

1.结合语法知识，以课堂教学为依托，全面训练学生的听、说、读、写能力，加强和提高运用英语的综合能力。

2.过去分词在真实的生活语境中的使用。

六、教学策略:

通过小组讨论、小组竞赛等具体形式，创设有利于高中生自己自我认识、自我反省、自我调节的情境，利用他们自身较高的自我意识水平对自己的学习进行调节、监控。因此，本课采用教学方法---任务型教学法。以任务为中心，任务的设计焦点是解决某一具体的贴近学生生活的问题。教师要从学生“学”的角度来设计教学活动，使学生的学习活动具有明确的目标。在的各种“任务”中，学生能够不断地获得知识并得出结论。

七、学习策略:

本课将各种活动设计成小组活动并开展小组竞赛和填写课堂自我评价表等非测试性评价手段，帮助学生养成自主学习与合作学习的能力，培养创新意识和实践能力，以及具备科学的价值观。

八、教学用具：

多媒体辅助（将本课所需要的图片、文字等制成PPT课件）

2024人教版英语高一必修一教案 篇2

教学目标

1.知识目标：

1)Students should learn some useful words and phrases: musician,clap, passer-by, form, extra, earn, advertisement,

2 attractive, instrument,loosely, actor dream of, be honest with, play jokes on, or so, break up.

3)Students should understand the general idea of the passage

2.语言能力目标：

1)Developthe Ss’skills of skimming, scanning and careful reading.

2) Train the Ss to findthe key words and the topic sentences.

3)Encourage the Ssto guess the new wordsaccording the reading.

3.情感态度与文化意识目标：

1)Encourage the Ss to share the differentkinds of music.

2)Improve the cooperation and share among the students.

教学重难点

1、教学重点：a.To understudend the passage better b.To find the main idea of eachparagraph

2、教学难点：a.Master the reading ability b.Develop the skills ofreading

教学过程

教学设计

本节课共45分钟，具体教学步骤如下：

Step I Leading-in

播放一段小视频，内容为歌曲 If you arehappy的英文版本，通过介绍演唱乐队twins引出本单元话题。随后，展示几张国内外流行乐队的图片，转入对本课阅读内容的探讨。

Step II While reading

Task I. Fast reading 快速大声阅读文章，完成练习1和2.

1. Read the passage and try to find out:

1) How many bands are mentioned in the passage? What are their names?

XXX

2) Which band is “The Band That Wasn’t”?

XXX

2.Read the passage quickly and match main ideas with paragraphs.

Para.1 How the Monkees formed the band?

Para.2 Dreaming of being famous.

Para.3 How the Monkees became popular and developed as a real band?

Para.4 The common way that bands form.

Task II. Careful reading 分段阅读。分别默读每一段，完成相应练习。

1. (Para.1) Read Para.1 carefully find out how do people form a band.

Step 1

To practice music XXX

Step 2

To play XXX

Step 3

To give performances XXXXXX

Step 6

To make records XXX

2. (Para. 3&4) Put the following steps in the right order.小组合作，比赛式进行。

A. Had to use actors

B. Broke up, then reunited

C. Produced their own records

D. Produced a new record

E. Relied on other musicians

F. Sang their own songs

G. To find four musicians

H. Advertised in a newspaper

I. Sang songs by others

J. Pretended to sing

The right orderXXXX

Step III Post-reading

Task I. Promotion and discussion.小组讨论，分组展示。

This is a press conference and your favorite band The Monkees is here. Whatdo you want to say to them or what else do you want to know about them? Work ingroups and do a role play. Four of you play as members of The Monkees and theothers work as journalists. And you can refer to the following questions.

1. How did your band start?

2. What are the differences between… and… ?

3.Why did you change to sing your own songs?

4.What’s your future plan?

5. What do you want to say to ....?

Task II. Summary of the passage 归纳总结所学。

The article is XXXXXXXXX (main) about the band --XXXX Monkees. ItXXXX(believe) that many people want to be famous singers or musicians,XXXX they form a band through different XXX(way) .

However, there is a band XXX is different from others. At first, theysang the songs XXXX (write) by other musicians. Later, they played and sangXXXXX (they) own songs. After XXXXXXX(reunite) in the 1980s, they made XXXXX newrecord in the 1990s.

Step IV Homework

1. write a news report about the Monkees based on the interview.

2.Learn the song I'm a believer by the Monkees.

Step V enjoy the song I’m a believer by The Monkees.Here are the lines.

The Monkees------Now I'm A Believer

作词：Neil Diamond

I thought love was only true in fairy tales

Meant for someone else but not for me

Love was out to get me, that's the way it seemed

Disappointment haunted all my dreams

Then I saw her face, now I'm a believer

Not a trace of doubt in my mind

I'm in love, I'm a believer

I couldn't leave her if I tried

I thought love was more or less a given thing

Seems the more I gave the less I got

What's the use in tryin'? All you get is pain

When I needed sunshine I got rain

Then I saw her face, now I'm a believer

Not a trace of doubt in my mind

I'm in love, I'm a believer

I couldn't leave her if I tried

2024人教版英语高一必修一教案 篇3

Teaching ais:

①.T read sectins f a str and sequence then use predictin strategies and lining wrds.

②.T use lining expressins related t tie and sequencing.

③.T use wrdbuilding techniques t fr nuns, verbs, adectives and adverbs.

④.T tal abut and give pinins f fils.

⑤. T practise using the secnd cnditinal fr speculatin

Teaching difficult and ain pints:

T aster the wrdbuilding.

T use the lining wrds.

Teaching aids:

CAI

Teaching prcedures:

Ⅰ. War up

T l at a pictures f Titanic then raise a questin: .Have u seen the fil Titanic? Where did the str happen?

Ⅱ. Speaing

Wr in grups f fur t discuss the tw questins: Have u seen an ther fils abut the sea? What did u thin f the? Tell ur classate.

Ⅲ. Pre-reading

L at the e wrds and find the in the pictures.

Ⅳ. Reading

Tas1: Nw please put Part A, B≈C in the crrect rder.

We can put the paragraphs in rder accrding t (根据):

the pictures

the lining wrds (连接词) ：上下文相关词语的连接

Tas2: Read the str again and answer these questins.

1. Wh did the writer’s unger brther fall int the sea?

2. Wh did the bat g twards the whirlpl?

3. Wh did the writer tie hiself t a barrel?

4. Wh didn’t his brther d the sae?

5. Wh did his ld friends nt recgnise hi?

Ⅴ. Language pints:

1. It t less than a single da t change hair fr blac t white.(B)

2. …

3. …

Ⅵ. Please find ut the phrases abut tie sequence in the text

Ⅶ. Wrd building

Ⅷ. Speaing

If I were n a bat ging twards a big whirlpl, I wuld tie self t sething light

2024人教版英语高一必修一教案 篇4

教学目标：

1、借助注释、译文读懂《史记》刺客列传荆轲部分原著片段。

2、感知《史记》史学价值及文学地位，建立对《史记》的浓厚兴趣。

教学内容：

《史记》卷八十六刺客列传荆轲部分荆轲刺秦王片段。

教学过程：

1、导入。

我们刚学过一篇课文《司马迁发愤写<史记>》，鲁迅先生曾经这样评价《史记》——“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”（PPT：鲁迅评价《史记》），意思说《史记》史料价值与文学地位都很高。

有一首诗来自《史记》（PPT：《易水歌》）。教师讲荆轲刺秦王的故事。

我们进行课外阅读，有时会遇到一些古文，如何去读懂它们呢？刚才老师讲了荆轲刺秦王的故事，想不想看一看《史记》中司马迁是如何记载这段故事的。

2、学习送别片段（PPT：送别片段）。

（1）初读。轻声阅读，对照注释看看能否读懂每一句话。

（2）再读。请同学们翻开译文，找一找与这段文字相对应的译文。读一读译文，再读一读古文，试着对古文进行解释。

（3）三读。理解了意思，请同学们根据意思试着断句，将古文读通顺。

（4）对这段文字，你有没有疑问？

①为什么太子及宾客都穿戴着白衣白帽前来为荆轲送行？所以人们的心情都是怎样的，文章当中哪些地方可以看出这种心情？

②荆轲知道这一去再也不能回来吗？那他表现得如何？为什么荆轲连头都不回一下？

（5）读懂了文字的意思，我们就可以与他们进行心灵的沟通，谁能读出这些文字所蕴含的情感。

（6）小结归纳学习古文的方法。

现在请同学们回忆一下刚才我们读懂这段古文运用了哪些方法。

①借助注释，逐句理解古文。

②借助译文，整体把握古文。

③结合理解，读准读通古文（PPT：学习古文的方法）。

3、学习刺秦片段

荆轲是如何刺杀秦王的呢，我们先来看一段视频（PPT：荆轲刺秦视频）。

《史记》中有这样一段叙述（PPT：刺秦片段）。

（1）自学。运用刚才学习的阅读古文的方法自读荆轲刺秦片段。

（2）交流学习情况。

（3）荆轲是如何刺杀秦王的，圈出具体描写荆轲行刺动作的词语（板书：把、揕、逐、擿）。

理解这些词语吗，揕和擿能否对调？从这两个词我们可以看出司马迁用词的准确。我们来看看白话文是怎么描写这些动作的，你发现古文和白话文有什么区别？

靠近就抓住秦王的袖子刺，离得远了就将匕首投向对方，从中我们可以看出荆轲什么特点（板书：冷静机智）。

除此之外，荆轲还表现出怎样的品质？（勇敢）的确，荆轲是抱着必死的'信念来到秦国的，从文章当中你能看出他面对死亡毫无惧色吗？

但我告诉你，《史记》中刚刚出场的荆轲可不是如此大无畏的（PPT：荆轲懦弱的一面）。谁来说说这句话的意思？

为什么一个看似这样懦弱的人能够演绎出这么悲壮的一幕的呢？就在生命的最后一刻，荆轲想到的是什么？（板书：信守诺言）

虽然，荆轲刺秦王未能成功，但是荆轲以死报恩，好不悲壮。回想数日前易水河畔太子丹送行的一幕，荆轲可以含笑了。（PPT：《易水歌》）

这歌声伴着高渐离凄约哀婉的筑声，每一个音符都是一行伤心泪，让我们一起读《易水歌》。

士为知己者死，萧萧易水河的风剪不断荆轲一往无前的决心，让我们读出这份决然(再读《易水歌》)。

4、小结。

一把剑，一首诗，一段佳话。利剑配侠客，铸剑大师欧冶子倾毕生心血铸就五把利剑，湛卢、纯钧、胜邪、巨阙与鱼肠，就是这把鱼肠剑演绎了一段同样荡气回肠的故事，同学们如果你感兴趣，不妨利用今天的学习方法去读一读《史记·刺客列传》中专诸这位刺客。当然，不仅如此，正如鲁迅讲《史记》是无韵之离骚，精彩对于他从来就不缺少，如果利用今天我们学习的方法多充实自己，一定会给我们的阅读生活增添更多乐趣。

2024人教版英语高一必修一教案 篇5

教学准备

教学目标

Words

base, command, request, recognize

Expressions

because of, come up, at present, make use of, such as, play a part (in)

Patterns

…because of that, English began to b spoken in many other countries.

Actually all languages change and develop…

The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.

教学重难点

■ To help students get to know about English development

■ To help students better understand “learning English”

■ To help students understand and use some important words and expressions

■ To help students identify examples of Indirect Speech (II): request & commands in the text

教学工具

课件

教学过程

⑴Warming up by listing

Good morning, class. We have been learning English for several years. But how many English-speaking countries are there in the world? Now let’s make a list of them on the blackboard.

English Countries Explanation

Mother tongue the United Kingdom

the United States of America

Canada

Australia

South Africa

Ireland

New Zealand The people in these countries are native speakers of English. In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue.

Second language India

Pakistan

Nigeria

the Philippines These people speak the language of their own country at home but the language of the government, schools, newspapers, and TV is English.

Foreign language China

Germany

France

etc. The number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.

⑵Warming up by answering questions about English

Good morning, class. Today we shall start learning Unit 2 English around the world. But how much do you know about English?

●What is Standard English?

Standard English is the form of English that most people in Britain use, and that is not limited to one area or group of people.

●What is a dialect?

A dialect is a variety of a language spoken only in one area, in which words, or grammar are slightly different from other forms of the same language.

●Do we have standard Chinese? What is it?

In China there’re so many dialects that the government encourages the whole nation to speak Putonghua, which is regarded as standard Chinese.

⑶Warming up by giving reasons

Unit 2 English around the world is what we are going to learn today. We are all learning English now because English is so popular in the world. But do you know why it is so? How many reasons could you giving for the spread of English around the world?

__ English is one of the official languages of the Olympic Games and the United Nations.

__ English dominates international websites and provides nearly all of the new computer terminology.

__ Tourism and trade from Western Europe and North America has contributed to the spread of English.

__ Satellite TV, radio programs like Joy FM, CDs and, of course, Hollywood films all broadcast English into China. Also, a number of Chinese films include English subtitles.

2.Pre-reading

We are learning English here. But why are we learning it? Could you suggest to the class as many reasons as you can think of, why people in the world learn English?

for work, as a hobby, to learn about other people, to travel, to read literature in the original, to read research papers, to meet foreigners, to surf the Internet, to pass exams, etc.

Go on with your reasons. I shall write your suggestions on the board as you make them.

3. Skimming the text for general ideas

Now we go to page 9 to skim the text for the main idea of each paragraph.

Paragraph 1: The spread of the English language in the world

Paragraph 2: Native speaker can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.

Paragraph 3: English changes and develops when cultures meet and communicate with each other.

Paragraph 4: By the 19th century English is settled.

Paragraph 5: English is spoken as a foreign language or second language in South Asia.

4. Reading and filling

Read the text to complete the chart below.

Time English is influenced by…

AD 450-1150 German

1150-1500 French

In the 1600’s Shakespeare, who make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before

By the 19th century Samuel Johnson, Noah Webster

Now Languages in South Asia, in Singapore, in Malaysia, in Africa and in China

5. Reading and copying

Next we shall go over the text once more. This time try find and copy all the useful expressions down in your notebook.

Useful expressions

at the end of…, make voyages, speak English as…, in the next century, change over time, communicate with…, be based on…, at present, become less like…, rule England, enrich the English language, make use of…, move to…, later in the 18th century, give a separate identity to…, have a very large number of…, fluent English speakers, become the language for…, develop one’s own identity, increase rapidly.

2024人教版英语高一必修一教案 篇6

教学目标

1. To practise listening comprehension.

2.To practise making decisions and reasoning

教学重难点

1. To practise listening comprehension.

2.To practise making decisions and reasoning

教学工具

课件

教学过程

Step1. revision

1. check the homework exercises.

1). It has been reported that children will be offered free education.

It has been reported that free education will be offered to children.

2). It has been said that we will be offered the latest computer science course book.

It has been planned that the latest computer science course book will be offered to us.

3). I have been told by Peter that I will be lent his notebook computer for a week.

I have been told by Peter that his notebook computer will be lent to me for a week.

2. Question: What can computers be used as?

Step2. Lead-in

As we know, science and technology is developing very fast and computers have become smaller and smaller. They have been used in many fields. So, the 21st century is the century of information technology What does it mean? Does information technology/ IT only mean things like computers? Of cause not. Actually, it means more than computers. Computers are just one kind of IT. What else do you know is part of IT?

(TV, radio, CD-ROM, DVD, books……)

Step3. Listening (SB)

1. Pre-listening: What are the changes brought by different forms of IT ?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of them ?

2. While-listening:

Go through the chart and make sure the students look at the chart before they listen to the tape. (This is to sharpen their attention and listen for the answers. This will also help them get the gist of the text.) Then Listen to the tape and finish filling in the chart. (If necessary, play the tape for several times.)

Say: After listening to their talk, we know all kinds of IT have both disadvantages and advantages.Let’s check the answers together.

Type of IT Advantages Disadvantages

TV You can both listen and watch. You cannot write to friends.

Web You can find information. It is very expensive.

Radio You can listen to English. You cannot watch a film.

Book You can get information. Sometimes it is out of date.

3. Post-listening:

1) (pair work): decide which type of IT is best for you to use right now. Make your choice and give your reasons by using the following expressions.

I think that….

In my opinion, ….

I believe that….

I agree because….

I disagree because….

I’ve decided that….

2) (group work): Discussion :

Computers are useful and have brought us lots of good things, but they also cause bad effects. What attitude should we have towards the computer? (Make good use of it but never get trapped by it.)

Step4. Speaking

1. Pre-speaking

Say: From what we have learn, we should admit that computers and the web have a great influence on the school education as well as people’s life. It has come into people’s everyday life and many families hold computers in their homes. Now there is a task for you.

2. While-speaking

1) Situation: You have been asked by your parents to help choose computers for your home. You and your friend have looked at several computers. Talk about the special things each computer can do. Make a decision about which kind of computer to buy and explain why.

Information input: Show students some pictures of different computers (desktop computer & laptop computer & …)

Language input: Useful expressions (Repeat it to strengthen students’ ability of use it.)

Supporting an opinion Challenging an opinion

I think that … , because … Perhaps, but what if / about …

First, … Have you thought about …

One reason is that … What makes you think that

I think it is better because… I don’t like it because….

(Pair work )Use the expressions to support your opinion or challenging other’s opinions.

2) Oral report: (individual work )

Do an oral report to your father and start your report like this: I looked at many different computers. The one I have chosen is the PEP personal computer. One of the main reasons is that it is suitable for homes. I found that…

3. Post-speaking

Conclusion—What useful expression do we use to make a decision and reason?

(In this way, they can review and use the words and phrases again.)

Step6 Pre-writing

Say: Imagine what problems and delights this android might have to deal with while it is serving you. Try yourself in someone else’s shoes is an important way of understanding how other people feel.

Then discuss: You are an android. You work for a family with one child who is very spoiled. The parents want you to do everything for them. The parents are nice, but they often ask you to watch over their child. How do you feel? What would you do if the child asked you to do his/her homework for him/her? Would you ever tell the child “no”?

Step7 Writing

Say: Write a passage about the result of your discussion! It should contain:

What do you have to do?

What is the child like?

What is the parents’ requirement of the child?

What do the parents want you to do?

What does the child want you to do?

Then what will you do? How do you feel?

Sample writing:

Hello everybody, my name is Liu Yan.I am a 321 model android.I work for the Li family. Mr and Mrs Li work very hard too.Mr Li is an architect and designs great tall apartment blocks.Mrs Li is a doctor and has to look after many patients.I remember all the plans for Mr Li's projects and can tell Mrs Li which drugs are the best to give any particular patient. And I also look after their library. I store all the books that they borrow from their school or friends in my brain.Of course my brain is as large as a mountain, so work like that is no trouble to me.I really eat books just like people eat food.

The Lis have a child who is very spoiled. He needs me to remember all his school textbooks so that I can do his homework for him.He just gives me the information on the subject, what has to be done and the page numbers and I get on with it while he enjoys himself with his friends.Sometimes I don't think it is right to do his homework for him — it's somewhat cheating. However, his parents are very concerned at the pressure of work in school these days.The child has too much homework to do. They like him to go to the key school but they also want him to be able to have hobbies, learn to swim and keep fit! Poor child!

So they consider me the most important person in the family after themselves.I am always introduced to their friends and play with visiting children.I am the perfect family academic aid and, although I was not cheap to buy, Mr Li says I was worth every yuan!

Step8 Assessment

Get the students to assess their writing ability according to the following the questions:

1. Is your composition well developed?

2. Are your ideas well organized to the point?

3. Do you have a good choice of words and idioms in your writing?

4. Do you get a good mastery of complex structures of language?

5. What kind of mistakes have you made in your writing?

Step9: Homework

Write about your discussion. You may begin like this:

Hello, everyone. My name is XXX. I’m 321 model android. I work for the Li family….

课后小结

学了这节课，你有什么收获?

课后习题

完成课后习题一、二。

板书

Unit 3 Computers

2024人教版英语高一必修一教案 篇7

【教学目标】

1、掌握文言文基本语法现象，疏通课文内容，理清叙事脉络，对先秦古文简朴的叙事风格有初步体会。

2、感受荆轲勇于反抗暴秦、慷慨悲壮的人物形象；体会其一诺千金、蹈死不顾、义薄云天的性格，学会辩证地看待历史人物。

3、感受文学作品中崇高的悲剧美，使学生产生深沉而巨大的心灵震撼，引发较深层次的审美感受。

【教学重点】

1、梳理字词，积累文言知识。

2、理清叙事脉络，并从中概括人物的性格特点。

【教学方法】

1、诵读感知法

2、讲解法

3、自主合作法

【教学过程】

一、导入新课

“斩首行动”是现代战争中常用的一种军事手段，其核心是斩杀最高军事指挥首脑。在2003年对伊拉克的战争中美国就使用了这一手段。殊不知，在9000多年前的中国，早就有人使用过这一“现代化战争手段”了，只不过它完全靠个人的力量。这就是发生在我国历史上战国末期著名的“荆轲刺秦王”的故事。故事的主人公，一方是力孤势单的燕国刺客荆轲，一方是势力强大的秦国皇帝秦始皇。大家想知道这场实力悬殊的斗争是如何展开的吗？想知道这个波澜壮阔、惊心动魄的故事的结局吗？想去亲历这一惊雷乍起、剑拔弩张的扣人心弦的历史场面吗？那就让我们随着汉代刘向的笔触，走进两千年前的秦国吧！

二、文学常识

1、关于《战国策》：《战国策》是战国末年和秦汉年间人编辑的一部重要的历史著作，作者不详。后经西汉刘向考订整理后定名为《战国策》。总共33篇，按国别记述，计有东周一，西周一，秦五，齐六，楚四，赵四，魏四，韩三，燕三，宋卫合一，中山一。记事年代大致上接春秋，下迄秦统一。以策士的游说活动为中心，反映出这一时期政治、外交的情状。全书没有系统完整的体例，都是相互独立的单篇。

2、刘向其人：约—77年至—6年，西汉经学家、目录学家、文学家。本名更生，字子政，沛人。汉初楚元王刘交四世孙。治《春秋谷梁传》。曾校阅皇家藏书，撰成《别录》，为我国最早的目录学著作。所著另有《洪范五行传》、《新序》、《说苑》、《列女传》等。

3、《战国策》的文学成就：

（1）、人物形象的塑造。全书对当时社会各阶层形形色色的人物多有鲜明生动的描绘，尤其描绘了一系列的“士”的形象。《战国策》以波澜起伏的情节、个性化的语言、传神的形态和细节来描写人物，有时还运用虚构的手法。

（2）、语言艺术上举得空前成就。《战国策》的文章风格辩丽横肆、铺张扬厉，气势纵横，用大量的寓言故事、轶闻掌故来增强辩词的说服力；大量运用对偶排比，增强文章的气势；长于铺张渲染。

4、战国四大刺客

（1）、吴国专诸

春秋时期吴国人，家住阳山之野，靠为人屠猪维持生计。当时伍子胥隐居于此，与其交好。后来，吴国公子光欲行刺其兄吴王僚，来见伍子胥，请其荐一勇士，伍子胥荐了专诸。为了刺杀吴王僚，专诸隐居太湖学治鱼三月，藏鱼肠剑于鱼腹，成功地刺杀了吴王僚。当时，吴王僚之子公子庆忌与其手握兵权的母弟掩余均被派出使楚国，因此，公子光谋成王位，即吴王阖闾。

（2）、吴国要离

春秋时期吴国人，因其折辱壮士丘迮，被推为天下勇士。自吴王僚死后，阖闾立国，公子庆忌逃往艾城，招纳死士，接连邻国，欲待时乘隙，伐吴报仇。公子庆忌冒腾肉飞，走愈奔马，手能接飞鸟，步能格猛兽，矫捷如神，万夫莫敌，因此阖闾日夜忧虑。时伍子胥又荐羸弱体细的勇士要离刺杀庆忌。要离献计残身灭家，取得庆忌信任，终于成功刺杀了庆忌。（典故“壮士断臂”即来源于此）专诸和要离成就了一代霸王阖闾。

（3）、魏国聂政

战国时期魏国人，原居轵地深井，因得罪乡里，带母及其姐宵避居齐国都城临淄，乃吴起好友。后吴起将其荐给富豪严遂，聂政到达韩国都城平阳后，成功地刺杀了忘恩负义的韩相国侠累。

（4）、燕国荆轲

战国末期燕国人，受燕太子丹之托刺杀秦王嬴政，功败垂成。他的故事家喻户晓。其友高渐离被后世尊为“乐圣”，后高渐离以灌满铅的筑刺杀秦始皇未遂，被施以瞎眼之刑。

三、走进文本

“荆轲刺秦王”是一个著名的历史故事，发生在战国末期的—227年，即秦统一中国之前的第六年。秦已于—230年灭韩，秦王又于—228年派秦将王翦破赵，引兵北上，兵临易水，直逼燕境，秦统一六国的大势已定。地处赵国东北方的燕国是一个弱小的国家，当初燕王喜为了向秦国示好，曾将太子丹交给秦国做人质。而太子丹在秦国做人质时，秦王嬴政没有礼遇他（“遇之不善”），太子丹十分愤恨于—232年逃回燕国。于是，为了抵抗强秦的大举进攻，同时也为了报“见陵”之仇，太子丹想派刺客去劫持秦王，企图达到既报前仇又解国难的目的。本文记叙的就是这件事情的始末。

荆轲，春秋战国时代有名的四大刺客之一。祖先是齐国人，后迁居卫国。他喜欢读书击剑，结交名人勇士。课文中提到的击筑的高渐离，就是他的朋友之一。燕太子丹为了刺秦王，先找智能双全的燕国处士田光。田光觉得自己老了，无法完成太子丹的重托，便向太子丹推荐了荆轲。田光为了激励荆轲，便自杀了。荆轲接受了任务，太子丹万分高兴，马上封荆轲为上卿，精心奉侍。以后，就是课文中记叙的情况。

四、初步感知

1、请同学朗读课文，检查预习情况。

2、正音。

3、同学自由朗读课文（5分钟以内）。

4、学生结合注释梳理文字，积累重点字词、句式。

【通假字】

（1）、秦王必说见臣 “说”通“悦”，喜欢，高兴

（2）、今日往而不反者，竖子也 “反”通“返”，回来

（3）、燕王诚振怖大王之威 “振”通“震”

（4）、发图，图穷而匕首见 “见”通“现”，露出

（5）、荆轲逐秦王，秦王还柱走 “还”通“环”，环绕

（6）、群臣惊愕，卒起不意，尽失其度 “卒”通“猝”，仓猝，突然

【古今异义词】

（1）、樊将军以穷困来归丹，丹不忍以己之私，而伤长者之意

穷困：古义，走投无路，陷入困境；今义，生活贫穷，经济困难。

长者：古义，德高望重的人；今义，年长的人。

（2）、秦之遇将军，可谓深矣

深：古义，刻毒；今义，有深度，与“浅”相对。

（3）、樊将军仰天太息流涕曰

涕：古义，眼泪；今义，鼻涕。

（4）、今有一言，可以解燕国之患，而报将军之仇者，何如？

可以：古义，两个词，可以用来；今义，能够，可能。

（5）、将军岂有意乎？

有意：古义，有心意，此处引申为同意、愿意；今义，故意。

（6）、樊於期偏袒扼腕而进曰

偏袒：古义，袒露一只臂膀；今义，袒护双方中的某一方。

（7）、于是太子预求天下之利匕首

于是：古义，在这时；今义，连词，表示顺承关系或另提一事。

（8）、仆所以留者，待吾客与俱

所以：古义，表示原因的虚词，“……的原因”；今义，表示因果关系的关联词。

（9）、于是荆轲遂就车而去，终以不顾

不顾：古义，不回头看；今义，不照顾，不考虑，不顾忌。

（10）、既至秦，持千金之资币物

币：古义，礼品；今义，货币。

（11）、诸郎中执兵，皆陈殿下

郎中：古义，宫廷的侍卫；今义，指中医医生。

（12）、荆轲逐秦王，秦王还柱而走

走：古义，跑；今义，行走。

（13）、侍医夏无且以其所奉药囊提柯

提：古义，掷击，投击；今义，拿着。

（14）、左右乃曰：王负剑！王负剑！

左右：古义，皇帝身边的侍卫；今义，①表示两种方向，②大约，③控制。

（15）、遂拔以击荆轲，断其左股

股：古义，大腿；今义，屁股。

（16）、今行而无信

无信：古义，没有信物；今义，不讲信用。

（17）、太子及宾客知其事者

宾客：古义，门客、食客；今义，客人。

（18）、愿大王稍微假借之

假借：古义，宽容、原谅；今义，利用某种名义、力量等来达到目的。

【词类活用】

（1）、尽收其地，进兵北略地 北：名词作状语，向北

（2）、樊於期乃前曰∕又前而为歌曰∕前为谢曰 前：名词作动词，走上前

（3）、乃遂收盛樊於期之首，函封之∕函封，燕王拜送于庭 函：名词作状语，用匣子

（4）、其人居远未来，而为留待 远：形容词作名词，远地

（5）、顷之未发，太子迟之∕今太子迟之，请辞决矣 迟：意动用法，认为……迟缓

（6）、太子及宾客知其事者，皆白衣冠以送之 白衣冠：名词作动词，穿白衣戴白帽

（7）、士皆瞋目，发尽上指冠 上：名词作状语，向上

（8）、使使以闻大王 闻：使动用法，使……知道

（9）乃朝服，设九宾 朝服：名词作动词，穿上朝服

（10）、秦武阳色变振恐，群臣怪之 怪：意动用法，认为……奇怪

（11）、倚柱而笑，箕距以骂曰 名词作状语，像簸箕一样

【文言特殊句式】

A、介词结构后置句

（1）、秦王购之（以）金千金，邑万家

（2）、嘉为先言于秦王曰

（3）、燕王拜送于庭

（4）、使毕使于前

B、省略句

（1）、秦王购之（以）金千金，邑万家

（2）、今闻（秦）购将军之首，金千金，邑万家

（3）、太子闻之，驰往，伏（于）尸而哭

（4）、得赵人徐夫人之匕首，取之（以）百金

（5）、以（之）试人，血濡缕，人无不立死者

（6）、欲与（之）俱（往），其人居远未来，而为（之）留待

（7）、嘉为（之）先言于秦王曰

（8）、愿举国为内臣，比（于）诸侯之列

（9）、乃朝服，设九宾，见燕使者（于）咸阳宫

（10）、使（之）毕使于前

（11）、而（按）秦法，群臣侍（于）殿上者，不得持尺兵

（12）、吾每念（之），常痛于骨髓

（13）、顷之（荆轲）未发

C、判断句

（1）、此臣日夜切齿拊心也。

（2）、今日往而不反者，竖子也！

（3）、仆所以留者，待吾客与俱。

（4）、事所以不成者，乃欲以生劫之。

D、定语后置句

（1）、秦王购之金千金，邑万家

（2）、太子及宾客知其事者

（3）、而秦法，群臣侍殿上者，不得持尺兵

E、被动句

（1）、父母宗族，皆为戮没

（2）、然则将军之仇报，而燕国见陵之耻除矣

F、固定句式

（1）、为之奈何？ “为……何？”译为“对……怎么办呢？”

五、能力提升

1、请同学讲述本文的故事。

2、分小组讨论：根据故事发展文章可分为几部分？各部分写了什么内容？

明确：开端（1———2）：行刺缘起

发展（3———9）：行刺准备

高潮（10—17）：廷刺秦王

结局（18）： 荆轲被斩

六、分析鉴赏

1、师生齐读第一段，找出六个动词，提问：文章一开始就连用六个动词，有什么作用？

明确：开端写行刺的缘起，文章一开始就连用“破”“虏”“收”“进”“略”“至”六个动词，写出秦军所向披靡，燕国危如累卵的形势，使得故事一开始就笼罩着紧张的气氛，为后面故事的展开定下了悲剧的基调。

2、提问：荆轲在太子心急如焚时提出刺秦王的计划，表现了他怎样的性格特点？写太子丹“不忍”，有什么作用？

明确：荆轲在燕国危难之际，毅然回答，“微太子言，臣愿得谒之”，体现了他言必信，行必果的侠义精神。然而，“行而无信，则秦未可亲也”，荆轲的谋划抓住了如何见秦王这个关键问题。他提出要取信秦王，则非献“樊将军首”和“燕督亢之地图”不可。主人公一亮相，就表现出他的勇而多谋及具有超人的胆识和气魄。而他是在太子心急如焚时才提出这个计划，可见城府根深。太子的“不忍”，反衬了荆轲的智谋非凡。

3、凡事预则立，不预则废。学生默读课文后分小组讨论：刺秦之前，荆轲和太子分别作了哪些准备？

明确：荆 轲—————头图取信、待客同行

太子丹—————药淬匕首、武阳为副

4、赏析“取头为信”段落，概括两个人物的精神风貌。

准备信物的关键是激樊於期献头。荆轲体谅太子“不忍”，果断地决定“私见樊於期”。一席对话，先动之以情，激起樊於期对秦的不共戴天之仇；然后晓之以理，说明此举一可报仇二可解燕国之患；最后告之以谋，让樊於期明白自己的行动计划。荆轲推心置腹，以诚感人，三言两语使樊於期“仰天太息流涕”，继而“偏袒扼腕而进”，甘心自刎献头。这一段对话和动作描写，展示了两个异中有同的人物的精彩风貌。

荆 轲：侠肝义胆、果敢勇决、擅长辞令、老于心计

燕赵慷慨之士

樊於期：义勇刚烈、热肚直肠、武将形象

5、赏析“怒斥太子”段落。

这一场面表现了荆轲性格的另一个侧面。古来侠士，一诺千金，而太子却怀疑荆轲“有改悔”而开口“先遣秦武阳”，荆轲一反平日之谦和，“怒斥太子”，正是他耿直刚烈、不畏权势性格的表现。太子“迟之”“疑其有改悔”“复请之”，一方面表明他在大兵压境之时的惊恐、焦急，同时也说明他浮躁多疑、谋事不周，恰好形成对荆轲的鲜明反衬。

6、分角色朗读：太子丹、看、荆轲、樊於期和旁白。

提示：

（1）、注意诵读技巧，可适当加上肢体语言。

（2）、为了调动学生的参与性和积极性，可设计文言版本、白话文版本、方言版本。

7、赏析“易水决别”段落。

（1）、首先，抓住特点。“太子及宾客知其事者，皆白衣冠以送之”，“白衣冠”乃这句话的文眼，简单的三个字，“未成曲调先有情”，是何情？穿着送葬死人的丧服来送别活人荆轲，品味起来，隐隐散发着一股秋水寒潭般冷水浸骨的悲伤。

第二，突出重点。在众多人物中，重点写荆轲；“既祖，取道”略写，重点写慷慨悲歌。生离死别之际，“高渐离击筑，荆轲和而歌，为变徵之声，士皆垂泪涕泣”。高渐离变徵击筑，荆轲低吟悲歌，此情此景，任是铁石心肠之人，也会心有所动潸然泪下。“天若有情天亦老！”但易水悲歌，是一部悲而壮、哀而不伤的慷慨史诗！“复为慷慨羽声，士皆瞋目，发尽上指冠。”音调陡变，悲去壮来！士皆瞋目，胸中慷慨之火熊熊燃烧！热血沸腾，怒发冲冠，仰天长啸！“大丈夫，生而何欢，死而何苦？”壮胆豪气胸中起，赢得生前身后名。

第三，顾及全面。太子、宾客、高渐离、士等在场人物都有顾及，而且通过写“士皆垂泪涕泣”，“士皆瞋目，发尽上指冠”渲染了凄凉悲怆的氛围和同仇敌忾的气势。

第四，结合写景。“风萧萧兮易水寒”，给人以身临其境的感觉。

（2）请同学深情朗诵本段。

学生诵读时可能只追求音量宏大，而忽视拿捏感情，可以指导他们学会留白停顿的诵读技巧。如读到“风萧萧子易水寒，壮士一去兮不复还”时停顿，给人一种慷慨悲凉，余音不绝的听觉感受和进一步思考感悟的空间。

8、赏析第三部分“廷刺秦王”，人物的性格得到了怎样的体现。

这一部分描绘荆轲与秦王正面交锋，可谓波澜迭起，荆轲的性格也表现得淋漓尽致。这一部分情节可概括为：厚遗蒙嘉————顾笑武阳————图穷匕见————倚柱笑骂四个场面。

“厚遗蒙嘉”而得以引见，可见其行事周密。

献图时，年十二就杀人的秦武阳竟“色变振恐”，眼看事情就要败露。而在这猝然生变的节骨眼儿上，荆轲面不改色心不跳，几句话，既遮掩了秦武阳失常的表情，又颂扬了秦王的威风，语意圆转，滴水不漏，使秦君臣上下疑窦冰释。再加上一“笑”一“顾”一“前”，沉着机智，镇定自若，表明他的确具有超人的胆略和非凡的气质，可谓神勇之人。而与秦武阳的“色变振恐”对照，孰勇孰怯，判然分明，与上文太子丹的'疑荆轲信武阳的情节相照应。

“图穷而匕见”，矛盾冲突达到白刃相见的地步。毫无精神准备的秦王“惊————起————绝————拔————操————急”，慌得连剑也“不可立拔”。与此同时，荆轲“取————奉————发————把————持————揕”，双方展开了一场你死我活的搏斗。霎时间，庄严的秦廷上，荆轲“逐”，秦王“走”，群臣“愕”，上上下下“尽失其度”，最后竟然出现“乃以手共博之”的戏剧性场面。眼看着秦王要成为剑下之鬼，由于侍医夏无且以药囊投击荆轲，荆轲反被“断其左股”，转瞬之间由优势转为劣势，最后反“被八创”，完全失去战斗力。这一部分多用急促短语，突出地渲染了千钧一发的紧张形势。在这惊心动魄的搏斗中，作者以群臣的惊愕、秦王的惶急、左右的惊呼，衬托了荆轲的英雄虎胆。

“倚柱而笑”，绘形传神，突出了荆轲的视死如归。“惜哉剑术疏，奇功遂不成”（陶渊明语），今天读来，谁不为之感慨唏嘘呢？

厚遗蒙嘉 行事周密

顾笑武阳 武阳：色变振恐

反衬 沉着机智、镇定自若

荆轲：“笑”“顾”“前” 超人的胆识和非凡的气质

神勇

图穷匕见 秦王：惊———起———绝———拔———操———急 “走” 尽失其度

秦群臣：愕 以手共博之 英雄虎胆

荆轲：取———奉———发———把———持———揕 “逐”

倚柱而笑 荆轲：笑 箕踞 骂 视死如归

七、艺术手法赏析

1、尖锐复杂的矛盾冲突

秦军所向披靡，燕国危在旦夕。荆轲“奉命于危难之际”，此其一。行刺秦王，须以樊将军首为信物，而太子丹“不忍”，此其二。荆轲为等助手，“顷之未发”，太子丹因而“迟之”，荆轲愤然出发，此其三。“朝见”秦王时，秦武阳怯阵，以致秦群臣“怪之”，气氛骤紧，此其四。而最后的“廷刺秦王”，矛盾冲突达到白刃相见的地步。就在这一系列尖锐复杂的矛盾冲突中，荆轲这一人物的性格也得到了最充分的展示。全文写得波澜起伏，扣人心弦。

2、精炼传神的人物语言

太子丹婉责荆轲时，荆轲曰：“微太子言，臣愿得谒之。……”快人快语，表现出他勇而多谋、虑事周密的性格特点。“激樊献首”时，荆轲推心置腹，以诚感人，先动之以情，后晓之以理，再告知以谋，使得梵於期甘心自刎献头。太子疑其改悔时，荆轲怒斥太子的几句话，则表现了他不畏权势、耿直刚烈的性格。在秦廷上，当秦武阳“色变振恐”时，荆轲的几句“谢曰”，使秦廷上下疑窦冰释，使剑拔弩张的气氛得到缓解，真正时化腐朽为神奇，令人不由得拍案叫绝！“事所以不成者，乃欲以生劫之，必得约契以报太子也”是荆轲的最后一句话，也是他自明心迹的一句话。尽管太子丹对他产生过怀疑，但荆轲还是坚守信义，对太子丹忠心耿耿，赤诚之心，苍天可鉴！

3、悲壮感人的场面描写

一是“易水诀别”。秋风萧瑟，筑声悲凉。在这悲壮而又凄怆的气氛之中，荆轲先是以歌声抒怀，最后则毅然“就车而去”，“终已不顾”，大义凛然，勇往直前。而送行者“皆白衣冠以送之”，听到荆轲的歌声后，起初“皆垂泪涕泣”，继而“皆瞋目，发尽上指冠。”三个“皆”字，写出了全体送行者的强烈反应，烘托了送行场面的壮烈气氛。整个送行场面的描写，有主，有次；有景，有情；有呼，有应。不足百字，却写得感人肺腑，撼人心魄。

二是“廷刺秦王”。一个人，一把匕首，把偌大秦廷搅得上下惊惶，乱成一团。作者即从正面描写了荆轲的语言、行动和神态，也从侧面描述了秦王及其群臣的不同表现；既描绘了人物，也渲染了环境，从而突现了荆轲履险不惊、临难不惧的气度和品格。

八、拓展延伸

文章成功地塑造了荆轲的形象。对荆轲其人，历来仁者见仁，智者见智。你认为荆轲是怎样的一个人？请根据课文谈谈自己的看法。